Gastroenteritis is a very common and infectious illness involving vomiting and diarrhoea. In the UK it is usually caused by a viral infection but can also be caused by bacteria and parasites.
Gastroenteritis means inflammation of the stomach and the gut. Most attacks clear up without medical treatment, but if you have severe diarrhoea and vomiting you may become dehydrated. This can be particularly serious in babies and the elderly, so medical treatment should be sought immediately if dehydration is suspected.
You should stay away from work, and keep children off school or nursery, for 24 hours after the last episode of diarrhoea or vomiting. As gastroenteritis is very infectious, you should also follow strict hygiene measures including disinfecting toilets after use and regular handwashing.
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消化道因刺激及發炎而出現嘔吐、腹瀉的症狀，通常是由病毒引起，不必經過食物即很容易的傳染給他人。不潔的食物、對食物的過敏或食物的突然改變，亦會引起腸胃炎。
@.疾病症狀
從輕微的嘔吐，然後腹瀉到一直嘔吐並伴有腹部疼痛、痙攣及發燒的水狀腹瀉，視發炎程度而有不同。
一般來說，24 ~ 48 小時內會自己轉好。
@.注意事項
在家裡休息。
多喝水、鹽及葡萄糖的混合溶液，到症狀消失為止。
腹瀉時每半小時喝一次，直到尿液呈白色透明為止，此時可以喝果汁、清湯及粥等軟且清淡的食物，約 2 ~ 3 天後再進食平日的食物。
兩天內沒有恢復或沒有相當程度的改善時，要去看醫生。
可以吃止瀉劑，但不能因此不補充液體。不可服用抗生素，否則症狀反而會惡化。
