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寶寶爬爬搬搬趣味競賽！孩子人生中的第一場賽事！熱烈報名中～

小花的馬麻

小花的馬麻

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網誌區塊
2005年12月03日
公開
14

小花十三個月了！

●New this month: New freedom to explore The range of ages when it's considered normal to begin walking is broader with this gross motor skill than with any other. Almost all infants are able to lift their head, for instance, between 2 and 4 months. But a child who walks as early as 9 months or as late as 18 months is right on schedule. Don't be surprised this week if your child's budding mobility — whether she's crawling, cruising, or walking — means she's suddenly reluctant to be held or carried. Once your baby has had a taste of freedom, it will be hard to hold her back. (Outings to the grocery store or shopping mall, and traveling, may be particularly trying for you right now!) Try not to get too upset when she falls, and resist the urge to rush to her aid unless she's really hurt. Falling is an inevitable part of learning to walk. Cruising and walking on uneven surfaces, even subtle ones such as wrinkled carpet or a sand-filled play area, will likely trip her up for a time, but it's great practice. Just be patient and give your child safe places to test her new independence. Your baby will likely find it hilarious if you can play at having more trouble with walking than she does: Try developing a little comic routine in which you are walking along where she can see you and then — whoops! — you trip and almost fall. It builds children's confidence to see a big person having their difficulty in a theatrical fashion that lets them laugh about it. As long as it keeps getting a laugh, keep doing it, and your child will become a more and more confident walker. If you haven't already, be sure to install a safety gate on any staircase with more than a step or two. A hardware-mounted gate is the best choice for stairs since a determined toddler can dislodge many pressure-mounted gates. You don't need to rush out and buy shoes right away. Walking barefoot, on grass or sand, is actually good for a toddler because it helps build muscles in the lower legs while developing a sense of balance. Once your child is able and wants to walk in places where she might injure her feet, however, you'll need to put shoes on her. But you don't need to invest in a pair of shoes that costs as much as yours do. Since her shoes probably won't fit for very long, buying pricey pairs is a waste of money. Instead, look for canvas sneakers or soft leather shoes with flexible rubber soles. Never buy shoes that are a couple of sizes too big so your toddler can grow into them; she'll have trouble keeping her balance in them and she may trip. She should have about a half-inch of space between her big toe and the end of the shoe; if you can't feel her big toe, the shoe is too hard. ●What you can do If your toddler is already walking confidently, show her some other things she can do with her body, such as squatting without holding onto a piece of furniture or your leg. To encourage this skill, take her on a "treasure hunt": Before you head out for a walk in your neighborhood, loosely wrap a piece of masking tape around each of your child's wrists, sticky-side out. Every time she stops to examine something on the ground — which will probably be often — show her how to squat down and pick it up. Then stick the pebble, pinecone, leaf, or flower on the tape. Eventually she'll get the hang of it and try squatting and getting back up on her own. If your child seems frustrated by her inability to get around on her own, you could offer her a stable push toy, such as a small wagon with a bar across the back, to help her cruise. One thing you should never do is put your child in a "walker" to encourage walking; experts say they're dangerous and they don't actually help a child learn to walk. ●Other developments: Hand work Your 13-month-old is also becoming more adept at using her hands. Many children this age enjoy "putting things in" and "taking them out" — for instance, placing objects such as blocks into larger containers and then dumping them out. You may also notice her making small towers out of two or three blocks and gleefully knocking them down. At mealtime, watch for her to pick up small foods, like pieces of O-shaped cereal or one piece of macaroni, with just her thumb and index finger (this is called the pincer grasp) instead of raking up a handful at a time. She may even show some interest in using a spoon, though it will be the rare bite that actually makes it into her mouth. What you can do No matter how many toys litter the family room, 13-month-olds often prefer emptying kitchen cupboards so they can play with the pots and pans. If you're tired of picking up after your child, put childproof locks on all your cabinets except for one that you leave open for exploration. To keep things interesting, put a different selection of unbreakable objects, such as wooden spoons, pots and pans, plastic cups, etc., in the cabinet every few days. Your child will love investigating what's behind the door and in the process she'll practice her "grasp and release" skills and try to figure out the cause and effect of what she's doing.

2005年12月03日
公開
20

Your 13-month-old's social and emotional development

●New this month: Me first! Do you feel as if your whole world still revolves around your baby? So does he! In fact, for much of his second year, your toddler will be self-absorbed. Sharing toys, snacks, and especially your attention may be very difficult. Watch him playing alongside another child, and you'll probably notice that he isn't very interested in actually interacting with her. You're still the most important person in your 13-month-old's life, and he's likely to demand a lot of your attention. But you'll start to see glimpses of his growing independence and confidence. As long as he can keep an eye on you, he may entertain himself in the family room for several minutes while you prepare dinner, interrupt you for a quick reassuring cuddle, and then venture out on his own again. At 13 months, children start to recognize that they have power, and they're learning how to use it. Your toddler may demand that you read to him, push him on a swing, take him for a walk. Even if he doesn't use words, he can make clear, by tugging on you and pointing, exactly what he wants. ●What you can do Whether he's already a social butterfly or a little on the shy side, you can help your child develop social skills with these fun activities: Hide and seek. Chasing you and hiding from you are probably among your 13-month-old's favorite activities. He'll be happy hiding behind a chair, a book, or even a dishtowel, and giggling endlessly as you pretend you can't find him. Fetch. Your 13-month-old will adore this one, though you may find it less than entertaining. Throwing toys out of his crib or playpen or food off his highchair and watching you retrieve the objects and hand them back to him is big-time fun. He may also enjoy handing you toys, books, and other objects, expecting that you will hand them back. This kind of give, take, and give again is actually a social game, a way of keeping your attention. You may also notice that he loves an audience, and will repeat any "performance" that elicits a positive response, especially applause. The "face-naming" game. Point to your eyes, nose, etc., and name them, and he'll soon get the hang of it. Ask him where your mouth is and soon enough he'll put his fingers right in it. Psychologists think this may be a precursor to the separation process (when your toddler figures out that you and he are separate people) that begins during the second year. ●Other developments: Stranger anxiety and more fears At around 13 months, many toddlers develop stranger anxiety. Yours may become upset when you leave him, even with friends or family members he sees often. A toddler who cries or whimpers, trembles, hides, or tries to run away from "strangers" is simply demonstrating that he can distinguish the difference between people he knows well — his parents and caregivers — and those he doesn't. Even toddlers who are at ease with unfamiliar people will encounter situations that overwhelm them. A 13-month-old has a budding imagination, and things that never seemed to bother him before, such as the vacuum cleaner, bathtime, or a neighbor's pet, may suddenly be very scary. What you can do Remember that trust cannot be forced, so if your child is especially anxious around new faces, be patient and let him keep his distance until he's ready to interact. He'll look to you for guidance, so if you seem at ease around a new babysitter, for instance, he'll take that cue. It may help him become more comfortable around new people if you include him on excursions to the grocery store, or other places where he can watch how you behave around people you don't know. Here are a few ways to soothe him when he's frightened of other things: Loud noises. If the sound of the vacuum cleaner or lawn mower sends your child into a frenzy, let him touch the object (when it's not plugged in or turned on, of course). If sirens bother him, take a walk past your local firehouse so he can see the trucks and ambulances parked quietly. If he's curious about certain objects, let him explore them (if it's safe) and that will help calm his fears. Never force him into an encounter, though, since that will only feed his uneasiness. The bathtub. Going down the drain, soap in the eyes, slipping — there's plenty for a toddler to fear at bathtime. If your toddler starts to resist getting into the tub, even if he used to enjoy the ritual, try giving him a sponge bath for a few days. Allow him to sit in the tub with no water, and use a washcloth rather than a cup of water to rinse his hair. You might even skip the shampoo for a few days until his anxiety eases. After a few days you can leave the water running and the drain open so the water doesn't accumulate too much, and then gradually ease up to a full-fledged bath again. If he fears the drain, demonstrate how his bath toys can't fit down the drain and so neither can he. Animals. Even children who have pets at home are often frightened by other animals. Imagine how you'd feel if you came face-to-face with a 7-foot-tall bear; the neighbor's golden retriever seems just as menacing to your 13-month-old. Never force your child to pet an animal. Instead, do some role-playing with stuffed animals, or read books that feature animals like the ones he's afraid of. And it's very important to teach children to never pet any animal unless they ask the pet's owner first. Even the friendliest dog or cat can bite or scratch when provoked.

2005年11月29日
公開
19

唉，flu season！

唉，flu season！

2005年11月24日
公開
14

感恩啦！

感恩啦！

2005年11月22日
公開
15

ㄋㄟㄋㄟ之歌

ㄋㄟㄋㄟ之歌

2005年11月06日
公開
21

小花愛跳舞

小花愛跳舞